The German occupation of Norway during World War II began on 9 April 1940, after German forces invaded the neutral Scandinavian country of Norway (operation "Weserübung"). The aim was to secure the availability of iron ore from mines in Sweden going through the ports of Norway and to use them as a base for the German Kriegsmarine and the U-Boots to control the North Atlantic. Germans controlled Norway until the capitulation of the German forces in May 1945.
More info here:
https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/how-neutral-norway-fell-to-the-german-blitzkrieg-in-1940
https://www.cheminsdememoire.gouv.fr/en/norwegian-campaign-9-april-7-june-1940
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